View source for Template:Syrian civil war infobox

<noinclude>{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}</noinclude>
{{#invoke:Infobox military conflict|main
|conflict=Syrian civil war
|image=[[File:Destroyed neighborhood in Raqqa.png|400px]]<br />[[File:Syrian Civil War map.svg|400px]]
| image_size        = 
|caption='''Top:''' A ruined neighborhood in Raqqa in 2017.<br />'''Bottom: Military situation in September 2021:'''<br/>
{{legend0|#ECB4B4|[[Syrian Arab Republic]] ([[Syrian Armed Forces|SAA]])}}
{{legend0|#F5B678|[[Syrian Arab Republic]] & [[Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|Rojava]] ([[Syrian Armed Forces|SAA]] & [[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF]])}}
{{legend0|#E4DA76|[[Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|Rojava]] ([[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF]])}}
{{legend0|#CBE8C5|[[Syrian Interim Government]] ([[Syrian National Army|SNA]]) & [[Turkish occupation of Northern Syria|Turkish occupation]]}}
{{legend0|#FFFFFF|border=1px solid black|[[Syrian Salvation Government]] ([[Hayat Tahrir al-Sham|HTS]]{{efn|Formerly [[al-Nusra Front]]}})}}
{{legend0|#97E2C9|[[Revolutionary Commando Army]] & [[American-led intervention in the Syrian Civil War|United&nbsp;States'&nbsp;occupation]]}}
{{legend0|#B582AF|[[Syrian opposition|Opposition groups]] in [[Syrian peace process|reconciliation]]}}
{{legend0|#b4b2ae|[[Islamic State]]}}<br/>''([[Belligerents of the Syrian Civil War#Opposing forces|full list of combatants]],'' ''[[Template:Syrian Civil War detailed map|detailed map]]'')
|partof= the [[Arab Spring]], [[Arab Winter]], the spillover of the [[Iraqi conflict (2003–present)|Iraqi conflict]], [[International military intervention against the Islamic State]], [[War on terror]], [[Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict]], and the [[Iran–Israel proxy conflict]]
|date={{Start date|df=yes|2011|03|15}} – present<br />({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=03|day1=15|year1=2011}})
|place=[[Syria]] (with [[Spillover of the Syrian civil war|spillovers]] in neighboring countries)
|status=[[List of ongoing armed conflicts|Ongoing]]
|territory=As of 31 March 2020: the [[Syrian Armed Forces]] held 63.57% of Syrian territories; [[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF]] 25.57%; rebel groups (incl. [[Tahrir al-Sham|HTS]]) & [[Turkey]] 9.72%; [[Islamic State]] 1.14%<ref>[https://twitter.com/Suriyakmaps/status/1245062624779350017 Syria-Irak-Yemen-Libya maps]</ref>
|combatants_header=[[Belligerents of the Syrian Civil War#Opposing forces|Main belligerents]]
|combatant1=<div style="vertical-align:sup;">{{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Syria|size=22px}} '''[[Syrian Arab Republic]]'''}}<br /></div>'''{{flag|Iran|size=22px}}'''<br />{{nowrap|'''{{flag|Russia|size=22px}}''' (2015–present)}}<br />{{flag|Hezbollah|size=22px}}<br />{{flag|Iraq|size=22px}} {{nowrap|(2017–19)<ref name="Iraqi involvement2">References:
* [https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/12/damascus-iraq-hit-isil-targets-syria-state-media-181230172409718.html Damascus allows Iraq to hit ISIL targets in Syria: State media], Al Jazeera, Dec 30, 2018.
* [https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/assad-gives-iraq-green-light-to-launch-attacks-in-syria-without-approval/ Assad gives Iraq green light to launch attacks in Syria without approval], Al-Masdar News, Dec 30, 2018.
* [https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/syria/assad-authorizes-iraq-to-attack-isis-in-syria-1.6790471 Assad Authorizes Iraq to Attack ISIS in Syria ], ''Haaretz'', Dec 30, 2018.
* [https://www.thenational.ae/world/mena/iraqi-jets-strike-isis-target-in-syria-a-day-after-damascus-carte-blanche-1.808058 Iraqi jets strike ISIS target in Syria a day after Damascus carte blanche], ''The National'', Dec 31, 2018.
* [https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/iraqi-air-force-bombs-isis-command-meeting-in-syria/ Iraqi Air Force bombs ISIS command meeting in Syria], Al-Masdar News, Jan 3, 2020.
* [https://thenewsrep.com/112235/iraqs-air-force-will-begin-bombing-isis-in-syria/ Iraq’s Air Force will begin bombing ISIS in Syria], NewsRep, Jan 1, 2020.
* {{cite web|title=Iraq conducts first airstrikes against ISIS in Syria|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2017/02/24/middleeast/iraq-conducts-first-airstrikes-against-isis-in-syria/index.html|date=February 24, 2017|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref>{{efn|Iraq's involvement was coordinated with the Syrian gov. & limited to airstrikes vs. ISIL.}}}}
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{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle=background-color:transparent; text-align:left;
| title=Support:<!--DO NOT ADD COUNTRIES PROVIDING NON LETHAL SUPPORT. THIS WAS AGREED UPON AT THE TALK PAGE.!-->
| {{flag|Egypt|size=22px}}<ref name="Egypt1">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/11/egypt-sisi-expresses-support-syria-military-161123150315176.html|title=Egypt's Sisi expresses support for Syria's military|author=AFP|date=23 November 2016|work=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name="Egypt2">{{cite news|url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/egypt-shifts-to-open-support-for-assad-regime-in-syrian-civil-war-473693|title=Egypt shifts to open support for Assad regime in Syrian civil war|last=Lynfield|first=Ben|date=26 November 2016|work=[[The Jerusalem Post]]}}</ref>
}}
|combatant2=<div style="vertical-align:sup;">{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg|size=22px}} '''[[Syrian Interim Government|Interim Government]]'''}} ([[Syrian National Army]]){{efn|Since early 2013, the FSA has been decentralized. Its name is arbitrarily used by various rebels.}}</div>
{{nowrap|'''{{flag|Turkey|size=22px}}'''{{efn|Turkey provided arms support to rebels (2011–unknown, Aug. 2016 – present) & fought alongside the [[Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army|TFSA]] in the [[Aleppo governorate]] vs. SDF, [[Islamic State|IS]] and Syrian gov.}}}}<br />(2016–present)
{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle=background-color:transparent; text-align:left;
| title=Support:<!-- DO NOT ADD COUNTRIES PROVIDING NON-LETHAL SUPPORT. THIS WAS AGREED UPON AT THE TALK PAGE. -->
| {{flag|Qatar|size=22px}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-qatar-idUSKBN13L0X7|title=Qatar will help Syrian rebels even if Trump ends U.S. role|first=William Maclean, Tom|last=Finn|date=27 November 2016|via=www.reuters.com}}</ref>
| {{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of the United States.svg|size=22px}} [[United States]]{{efn|name=fn4|Sep.–Nov. 2016: U.S. fought with the TFSA in Aleppo governorate solely vs. IS.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2016/09/16/u-s-special-operations-forces-begin-new-role-alongside-turkish-troops-in-syria/|work=The Washington Post|date=16 September 2016|access-date=16 September 2016|title=U.S. Special Operations forces begin new role alongside Turkish troops in Syria|author=Thomas Gibbons-Neff}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.militarytimes.com/articles/us-halts-military-support-for-turkeys-fight-in-key-islamic-state-town|work=Military Times|title=U.S. halts military support for Turkey's fight in key Islamic State town|author=Andrew Tilghman|date=16 November 2016|access-date=4 January 2017}}</ref> In 2017–18, the U.S. [[List of United States attacks on the Syrian government during the Syrian Civil War|purposely attacked the Syrian gov.]] 10 times, & in Sep. 2016 it [[September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid|accidentally hit a Syrian base]], killing ≥100 [[Syrian Arab Army|SAA]] soldiers. Syria maintains this as intentional.<ref name=knew>{{cite web |url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/us-coalition-knew-bombing-syrian-army-deir-ezzor/ |title=US Coalition knew they were bombing the Syrian Army in Deir Ezzor |first=Leith |last=Fadel|date=27 September 2016}}</ref>}}<br />(2011–17)<ref>{{cite web|title=Trump ends CIA arms support for anti-Assad Syria rebels: U.S. officials|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-usa-syria-idUSKBN1A42KC|publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=19 July 2017}}</ref>}}
| {{flag|Saudi Arabia|size=22px}}<br />(2012–17)<ref name=“saudi”>{{cite news|work=[[The Guardian]]|quote=Returning from a summit in the Saudi capital last week, opposition leaders say they were told directly by the foreign minister, Adel al-Jubeir, that Riyadh was disengaging.|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/31/victory-for-assad-looks-increasingly-likely-as-world-loses-interest-in-syria|title=Victory for Assad looks increasingly likely as world loses interest in Syria|date=31 August 2017}}</ref>
| {{flag|United Kingdom|size=22px}}<br />(2011–18)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/09/02/british-troops-halt-training-syrian-rebels-world-powers-distance/|date=2 September 2017|work=[[Daily Telegraph]]|title=Britain withdraws last of troops training Syrian rebels as world powers distance themselves from opposition}}</ref>
| {{flag|France|1974|size=22px}} (2011–18)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.enca.com/hollande-confirms-french-delivery-arms-syrian-rebels|title=Hollande confirms French delivery of arms to Syrian rebels|date=21 August 2014|access-date=25 January 2015|work=AFP}}</ref>
| {{flag|Libya|size=22px}} (2013)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chivers |first1=C. J. |last2=Schmitt |first2=Eric |last3=Mazzetti |first3=Mark |author-link1=C. J. Chivers |author-link2=Eric P. Schmitt |author-link3=Mark Mazzetti |title=In Turnabout, Syria Rebels Get Libyan Weapons |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/22/world/africa/in-a-turnabout-syria-rebels-get-libyan-weapons.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 21, 2013}}</ref>
}}
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{{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Free Syrian Army]] ([[Maghaweir al-Thowra]])
{{Collapsible list
|title=Support:
| {{flag|United States|size=20px}} 
| {{flag|United Kingdom|size=20px}}<ref name="test"/><ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/06/british-special-forces-operating-inside-syria-alongside-rebels/ British special forces 'operating inside Syria alongside rebels'], Telegraph 6 June 2016</ref>
| {{flag|Norway|size=20px}}<ref name="test">{{cite web|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2017/06/iran-tests-the-us-in-southeastern-syria.php|title=Iran tests the US in southeastern Syria|author1=Amir Toumaj|author2=Caleb Weiss|work=[[Long War Journal]]|date=3 June 2017|access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref>
| {{flag|Jordan|size=20px}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bellingcat.com/news/mena/2016/05/31/new-syrian-army-americas-tip-spear-isis-syrian-desert/|title=The New Syrian Army: America's "Tip of the Spear" Against ISIS in the Syrian Desert|work=Rao Komar|date=31 May 2016|access-date=27 December 2016|archive-date=27 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227131120/https://www.bellingcat.com/news/mena/2016/05/31/new-syrian-army-americas-tip-spear-isis-syrian-desert/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{flag|Israel|size=22px}} (2013–19)<ref>{{cite news|title=Israel secretly armed and funded 12 Syrian rebel groups, report says|url=https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/syria/in-syria-israel-secretly-armed-and-funded-12-rebel-groups-1.6462729|access-date=2021-01-09|newspaper=Haaretz|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gross|first=Judah Ari|title=IDF chief finally acknowledges that Israel supplied weapons to Syrian rebels|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-chief-acknowledges-long-claimed-weapons-supply-to-syrian-rebels/|access-date=2021-01-09|website=www.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US}}</ref>{{efn|Israel provided arms to 12 unnamed rebel groups solely against Iran and ISIS.<ref>{{cite news|title=Israel secretly armed and funded 12 Syrian rebel groups, report says|url=https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/syria/in-syria-israel-secretly-armed-and-funded-12-rebel-groups-1.6462729|access-date=2021-01-09|newspaper=Haaretz|language=en}}</ref> Israel has also conducted multiple airstrikes against the Syrian government, Hezbollah, and Iranian positions within Syria.<ref>{{cite news|last1=al-Khalidi|first1=Suleiman|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-intensifying-air-war-syria-against-iranian-encroachment-2021-04-22/|title=Israel intensifying air war in Syria against Iranian encroachment|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>}}
}}
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<div style="vertical-align:sup;">{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Syrian_Salvation_Government.svg|size=22px}} '''[[Syrian Salvation Government|Salvation Government]]'''}} ([[Tahrir al-Sham]]){{efn|name=fn5|Predecessors of [[Hayat Tahrir al-Sham|HTS]] ([[al-Nusra Front]]) & [[Islamic State|IS]] ([[Islamic State of Iraq|ISI]]) were allied [[al-Qaeda]] branches until April 2013. Al-Nusra Front rejected an ISI-proposed merger into ISIL & al-Qaeda cut all affiliation with ISIL in February 2014.}}{{efn|Predecessors of [[Ahrar al-Sham]] ([[Syrian Liberation Front]]) & [[Hayat Tahrir al-Sham|HTS]] ([[al-Nusra Front]]), were allied under the [[Army of Conquest]] (Mar. 2015 – Jan. 2017).}}{{efn| HTS was formed on 28 January 2017 as a merger between Jabhat Fateh al-Sham, the Ansar al-Din Front, Jaysh al-Sunna, Liwa al-Haqq, and the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement. HTS describes itself as a new independent [[Islamist]] entity free from the previous factions and distanced itself from Al-Qaeda, disavowing any ties to it:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2017/02/hayat-tahrir-al-sham-leader-calls-for-unity-in-syrian-insurgency.php|title=Hay'at Tahrir al Sham leader calls for 'unity' in Syrian insurgency|work=Long War Journal|first=Thomas|last=Joscelyn|date=10 February 2017|access-date=11 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216005715/http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2017/02/hayat-tahrir-al-sham-leader-calls-for-unity-in-syrian-insurgency.php|archive-date=16 February 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>}}{{efn| After coming to power in Idlib, HTS suspended Al-Qaeda activities:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/hts-evolution-jihadist-group|title=HTS: Evolution of a Jihadi Group|work=Long War Journal|first=Christopher|last=Solomon|date=13 July 2022|access-date=11 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808015803/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/hts-evolution-jihadist-group|archive-date=8 August 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>}}</div>
<!--Only list notable Islamist groups; use talk page first-->
{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle=background-color:transparent; text-align:left;
| title=Support:<!--DO NOT ADD COUNTRIES PROVIDING NON-LETHAL SUPPORT. THIS WAS AGREED UPON AT THE TALK PAGE.!-->
| {{flag|Qatar|size=20px}} (2012–17)
}}
|combatant3=<div style="vertical-align:sup;">'''{{flagicon image|Guardians Of Religion INFOBOX flag.png}} [[Guardians of Religion Organization]]''' ([[Al-Qaeda]] affiliate)</div>
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<div style="vertical-align:sup;">'''{{flag|ISIL|name=Islamic State|size=22px}}'''{{efn|name=fn5}}<br />{{nowrap|(2013–present)}}</div>
|combatant4=<div style="vertical-align:sup;">{{flagicon image|De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|size=22px}} '''[[Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria]]''' ([[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF]]) (2012–present)</div>
{{Collapsible list
|title=[[File:Seal of Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve.svg|22px]] [[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|CJTF–OIR]]<br />{{nobold|(2014–present)}}
|1={{flag|United States|size=22px}}{{efn|name=fn4}}
|2={{flag|France|size=22px}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/28/world/europe/france-says-it-has-struck-at-isis-in-syria.html|title=France Says Its Airstrikes Hit an ISIS Camp in Syria |date=28 September 2015|work=The New York Times}}</ref>
|3={{flag|United Kingdom|size=22px}}
|4={{flag|Canada|size=22px}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Operation IMPACT |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/operations/military-operations/current-operations/operation-impact.html |website=Government of Canada}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/government-position-fighter-jets-1.3338186|title=Justin Trudeau to pull fighter jets, keep other military planes in ISIS fight|publisher=CBC News |last=Barton|first=Rosemary |date=26 November 2015 |access-date=12 September 2016}}</ref>
|5={{flag|Jordan|size=22px}}
|6={{flag|Netherlands|size=22px}} 
|7={{flag|UAE|size=22px}}<ref>{{cite news|quote=Along with their American counterparts, Emirati special forces are said to be training elements of the opposition. They constitute a kind of Arab guarantee among the Syrian Democratic Forces – an umbrella group dominated by the Kurds of the PYD, on whom the US are relying to fight IS on the ground.|work=[[Al-Araby Al-Jadeed]]|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/comment/2017/2/23/the-uae-has-it-in-for-the-muslim-brotherhood|title=The UAE has it in for the Muslim Brotherhood|date=22 February 2017}}</ref>
|8={{flag|Saudi Arabia|size=22px}}<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[Middle East Monitor]]|title=Saudi Arabia, UAE send troops to support Kurds in Syria|date=22 November 2018|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20181122-saudi-arabia-uae-send-troops-to-support-kurds-in-syria/}}</ref>
|9={{nowrap|{{flag|Australia|size=22px}} (2015–17)<ref>{{cite news|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-iraq-australia/australia-to-end-air-strikes-in-iraq-and-syria-bring-super-hornets-home-idUSKBN1EF324|title=Australia to end air strikes in Iraq and Syria, bring Super Hornets home|date=21 December 2017}}</ref>}}
|10={{flag|Belgium|size=22px}} (2014–17)
|11={{flag|Bahrain|size=22px}} (2014–16)
|12={{flag|Denmark|size=22px}} (2014–16)
|13={{flag|Germany|size=22px}} (2014–21)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-extends-bundeswehr-mission-in-iraq/a-60400784|title=Germany extends Bundeswehr mission in Iraq|date=12 January 2022|website=DW.com}}</ref>
|14={{flag|Morocco|size=22px}} (2014–16)
|15={{flag|Qatar|size=22px}} (2014–16)
}}
{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle=background-color:transparent; text-align:left;
| title=Support:<!--DO NOT ADD COUNTRIES PROVIDING NON-LETHAL SUPPORT. THIS WAS AGREED UPON AT THE TALK PAGE.!-->
| {{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of the United States.svg|size=20px}} '''[[United States]]'''<br />(2014–present)}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Watson |first1=Ivan |last2=Tuysuz |first2=Gul |date=29 October 2014 |title=Meet America's newest allies: Syria's Kurdish minority |agency=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/29/world/us-newest-allies-syrian-kurds/index.html |access-date=4 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=A. Jaunger |date=30 July 2017 |title=US increases military support to Kurdish-led forces in Syria |agency=[[ARA News]] |via=Inside Syria Media Center |url=https://en.insidesyriamc.com/2017/07/30/us-increases-military-support-to-kurdish-led-forces-in-syria/ |access-date=1 January 2018}}</ref>
| {{flag|Russia|size=20px}}<br />(2015–18, 2019–present)
| {{nowrap|{{flag|France|size=20px}}<br />(2016–present)<ref>{{Cite news |author=Jamie Dettmer |date=9 June 2016 |title=France Deploys Special Forces in Syria as IS Loses Ground |agency=VOA |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/france-deploys-special-forces-as-is-loses-ground/3368969.html |access-date=1 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=9 June 2016 |title=U.S.-backed fighters poised to cut key ISIS supply line |publisher=[[CBS News]] |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-backed-sdf-fighters-encircle-isis-stronghold-manbij-near-raqqa-syria/ |access-date=7 March 2017}}</ref>}}
| {{flagicon image|Flag of Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK).svg|size=20px}} [[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]]
| {{flagicon image|Flag of PUK.png|size=20px}} [[Patriotic Union of Kurdistan|PUK]]<br />{{nowrap|(2013–present)<ref name=irish13nov>{{cite news |last=Irish |first=John |date=13 November 2013 |title=Syrian Kurdish leader claims military gains against Islamists |work=Reuters |quote=Muslim said the PYD had received aid, money and weapons from the Iraq-based Kurdistan Democratic Party and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan... |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/13/us-syria-kurds-idUSBRE9AC14C20131113?irpc=932 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114002747/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/13/us-syria-kurds-idUSBRE9AC14C20131113?irpc=932 |archive-date=14 November 2013 |access-date=12 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Ranj Alaaldin |date=16 December 2014 |title=A Dangerous Rivalry for the Kurds |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |quote=Once again, the P.U.K. saw a chance to seize the initiative, by suggesting that it, rather than the Kurdistan regional government or the K.D.P., was providing weapons and supplies to the Syrian Kurdish fighters, who belong to a party that has historically been at odds with the K.D.P. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/17/opinion/a-dangerous-rivalry-for-the-kurds.html?_r=1 |access-date=12 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Jack Murphy |date=23 March 2017 |title=Did Kurdistan's Counter-Terrorist Group assault the Tabqa Dam in Syria? |publisher=SOFREP |url=https://sofrep.com/77726/kurdistans-counter-terrorist-group-assault-taqba-dam-syria/ |access-date=29 March 2017}}</ref>}}
| {{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag_of_KDP.png}} [[Kurdistan Democratic Party|KDP]]<br />(2013–15){{r|irish13nov}}<ref>{{Cite news |author=Alexander Whitcomb |date=30 October 2014 |title=Peshmerga advance team in Kobane |publisher=[[Rudaw Media Network]] |url=http://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/syria/301020141 |access-date=29 March 2017}}</ref>}}}}
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|commander1={{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Bashar al-Assad]]{{-}}
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Maher al-Assad]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Ali Abdullah Ayyoub]]{{-}}
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Issam Hallaq]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Suheil al-Hassan]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Ali Mamlouk]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Rafiq Shahadah]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Mohammed Dib Zaitoun]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Abdel-Fatah Qudsiyeh]]
* {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Dhu al-Himma Shalish]]
* {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Ali Khamenei]]
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Vladimir Putin]]
* [[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|22px]] [[Hassan Nasrallah]]
* [[File:PFLP-GC Flag.svg|23px]] [[Ahmed Jibril]] (until 2021)
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Issam Zahreddine]] (Major General of the [[Republican Guard (Syria)|Republican Guard]])
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Assef Shawkat]] (Deputy Minister of Defense)<ref>{{cite web|title=Leading Syrian regime figures killed in Damascus bomb attack |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/18/syrian-regime-figures-bomb-attack |website=The Guardian |date=July 2012}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Dawoud Rajiha]] (Minister of Defense)<ref>{{cite web |date=18 July 2012 |title=Syria defence minister killed in Damascus bomb |work=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=18 July 2012 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9408303/Syria-defence-minister-killed-in-Damascus-bomb.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Hasan Turkmani]] (Former Minister of Defense)<ref>{{cite news|title=No sign of Assad after bomb kills kin, rebels close in|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-idUSBRE8610SH20120718|access-date=18 July 2012|publisher=Reuters|date=25 March 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Rustum Ghazaleh]] (Head of Syrian National Intelligence)<ref>{{cite news |date=24 April 2015 |title=Syria Remains Silent on Intelligence Official's Death |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/25/world/middleeast/syria-remains-silent-on-intelligence-officials-death.html?_r=0&referrer=}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Jameh Jameh]] (Head of Military Intelligence)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/10/top-syrian-army-general-killed-battle-20131017182611866437.html|publisher=al-Jazeera|title= Syrian military spy chief killed in battle|date=18 October 2013 |access-date=14 March 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Hilal al-Assad]]<ref> (Head of [[National Defence Forces (Syria)|National Defence Forces]]){{cite news |date=8 October 2015 |title=Assad cousin killed in Syria's Latakia |publisher=Al Jazeera |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/03/assad-cousin-killed-syria-latakia-201432320159865701.html |access-date=24 April 2014}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Syria}} Maj. Gen. [[Hisham Ikhtiyar]] (Security advisor to Bashar al-Assad)
|{{flagicon|Syria}} Brig. Gen. [[Mohammed al-Awwad]]
|{{flagicon|Syria}} Brig. Gen. [[Hassan al-Ibrahim]]
|{{flagicon|Syria}} Brig. Gen. [[Rajeh Mahmoud]] (Commander of Syrian Military Engineering)
|{{flagicon|Syria}} Maj. Gen. [[Hussein Isaac]] (Director of Air Defense Administration of Homs and Al-Malihah)
|{{flagicon|Syria}} Maj. Gen. |[[Adnan Omran (officer)|Adnan Omran]] (Maj. Gen. of Brigade 75, Brigade 13, Brigade 22, Brigade 99 and 26 Air Defense Command)
|{{flagicon|Iran}} [[Qasem Soleimani]] ([[IRGC]] Major General, commander of the [[Quds_Force|Quds Force]], killed in [[Assassination of Qasem Soleimani|American airstrike in Iraq]])<ref>{{cite news |date=3 January 2020 |title=Qasem Soleimani: US kills top Iranian general in Baghdad air strike |work=The BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-50979463}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Iran}} [[Hossein Hamadani]] ([[IRGC]] Major General)<ref>{{cite news |date=8 October 2015 |title=Iranian comdr. Brigadier General Hossein Hamedani killed by Isis while advising Syrian regime |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/iranian-commander-brigadier-general-hossein-hamedani-killed-by-isis-while-advising-syrian-regime-a6687276.html|access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Iran}} [[Hassan Shateri]] (Senior Comdr. of [[IRGC]])<ref>{{cite news |date=13 February 2013 |title=Iranian General Is Killed in Syria |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324162304578302530164834200 |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|{{flag icon|Iran}} Hassan Abdollahzadeh (General of [[IRGC]])<ref name="auto">{{cite news |date=4 June 2021 |title=The Iranian officers killed were General Hassan Abdollahzadeh, who had served as an adviser to the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and to Qassem Soleimani, former IRGC's Qods Force commander; and Brigadier General Sa'id Majidi.
|work= The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center
|url=https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/spotlight-on-global-jihad-june-2-9-2021/}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Iran}} Sa'id Majidi (Brig. General of the [[IRGC]])<ref name="auto"/>
|[[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px]] [[Mustafa Badreddine]] (Military Leader of [[Hezbollah]])<ref>{{cite news |date=14 May 2016 |title=Obituary: Hezbollah military commander Mustafa Badreddine |publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36284621 |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|[[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px]] [[Mohamad Issa]] ([[Hezbollah]] Chief of Operations in Syria)<ref>{{cite news |date=19 January 2015 |title=Al-Nusra Front claims responsibility for Hezbollah fighters' death |publisher=Middle East Monitor |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20150119-hezbollah-fighters-killed-in-al-nusra-front-attack/ |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|[[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px]] [[Samir Kuntar]] (Senior Commander of [[Hezbollah]])<ref>{{cite news|title=Commander of Hezbollah Freed by Israel Is Killed in Syria|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/21/world/middleeast/samir-kuntar-hezbollah-syria-israel.html|access-date=31 August 2016|publisher=BBC|date=20 December 2015}}</ref>
|[[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px]] [[Jihad Mughniyah]] ([[Hezbollah]] Head of Security)<ref>{{cite news |date=19 January 2015 |title=Thousands mourn Hezbollah fighter killed in Israeli attack |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-hezbollah/thousands-mourn-hezbollah-fighter-killed-in-israeli-attack-idUSKBN0KS1LG20150119 |access-date=19 January 2015}}</ref>
|[[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px]] [[Ali Reza Tavassoli]] (Leader of [[Liwa Fatemiyoun]])<ref>{{cite news |date=12 March 2015 |title=Analysis: Shiite Afghan casualties of the war in Syria |work=FDD's Long War Journal |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/03/analysis-shiite-afghan-casualties-of-the-war-in-syria.php |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Russia}} Lt. Gen [[Valery Asapov]]<ref>{{cite news |date=25 September 2017 |title=Update 1-Moscow blames 'two-faced U.S. policy' for Russian general's Syria death -RIA |agency=Reuter |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/mideast-crisis-syria-russia-casualties/update-1-moscow-blames-two-faced-u-s-policy-for-russian-generals-syria-death-ria-idUKL8N1M64IX}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Russia}} Senior Lt [[Alexander Prokhorenko]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://tass.ru/en/defense/873235 |title=Body of senior Russian officer killed in Syria delivered to Moscow |date=29 April 2016 |publisher=TASS |access-date=30 April 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6hGIQVgZV?url=http://tass.ru/en/defense/873235 |archive-date=4 May 2016 |df=dmy}}</ref>
}}
}}
|commander2={{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Salem al-Meslet]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Jawad Abu Hatab]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Abdurrahman Mustafa]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Salim Idris]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Fadlallah al-Haji]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Abu Omar al-Idlibi]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Sayf Balud]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Hassan Hamada]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Afif Suleiman]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Jamal Maarouf]]
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Zekai Aksakallı]] (2016–2017)<ref>{{cite news |date=24 August 2016 |title=Turkish Special Forces: From stopping a coup to the frontline of the ISIL fight |newspaper=[[Hürriyet Daily News]] |url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-special-forces-from-stopping-a-coup-to-the-frontline-of-the-isil-fight.aspx?pageID=238&nID=103178&NewsCatID=352}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[İsmail Metin Temel]]<br />(2016–2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/afrin-harekatini-korgeneral-ismail-gundem-2593858/|title=Son dakika: Afrin harekatını Korgeneral İsmail Metin Temel yönetecek!|first=milliyet.com.tr Türkiye'nin lider haber|last=sitesi|website=Milliyet|access-date=21 January 2018}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Hulusi Akar]]
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Abdul Qader Saleh]] (Founder of [[al-Tawhid Brigade]])<ref>{{cite web |date=17 November 2013 |title=Top Syrian rebel commander dies from wounds |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-commander-idUSBRE9AH03H20131118}}</ref><br />
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Euphrates Jarabulus Battalions|Yusuf al-Jader]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Muhammad al-Baridi]]
}}}}
----
{{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg|50px|border}} [[Abu Yahia al-Hamawi]]<br />
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Islamic Front (Syria) (Black).svg}} Ahmed Issa al-Sheikh ([[Islamic Front (Syria)|Islamic Front leader]], 2012–2015)<ref name=BBC22Nov>{{cite web |date=22 November 2013 |title=Leading Syrian rebel groups form new Islamic Front|publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25053525 |access-date=22 January 2014}}</ref>
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon image|Ahrar al-Sham black standard.png}} [[Hassan Aboud]] (Leader of [[Ahrar al-Sham]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Suicide bombing kills head of Syrian rebel group |work=The Daily Star |url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Sep-09/270137-blast-hits-top-meeting-of-islamist-group-in-syria-monitor.ashx}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg|50px|border}} [[Hassan Soufan]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Islamic Front (Syria) (Black).svg}} [[Zahran Alloush]] ([[Islamic Front (Syria)|Islamic Front]] Military Chief) {{r|BBC22Nov}}<ref>{{cite web |date=25 December 2015 |title=Russian raids kill prominent Syrian rebel commander |agency=Al Jazeera |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/12/russian-raids-kill-prominent-syrian-rebel-commander-151225142422180.html}}</ref>
}}}}
----
{{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg|border}} [[Abu Mohammad al-Julani]]<ref>{{cite news |date=5 March 2015 |title=Source: Syrian warplanes kill leaders of al-Nusra|author1=Nic Robertson |author2=Paul Cruickshank |name-list-style=amp |agency=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/03/05/middleeast/syria-al-qaeda-strike/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg|border}} [[Abu Jaber Shaykh]]<br />
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg|border}} [[Abu Maria al-Qahtani]]<br />
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg|border}} Sami al-Oreidi<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/mappingmilitants/profiles/hayat-tahrir-al-sham#highlight_text_12841|title=Hayat Tahrir al-Sham" Organizational Structure Leadership, Name Changes, Size Estimates, Resources, Geographic Locations|work= Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC)}}</ref> 
* {{flagicon image|WataniaTahrirFlag.png}} Ahmad Sarhan ([[National Front for Liberation]] leader)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.enabbaladi.net/archives/244317|title=Meet the leading leaders of the "National Liberation Front"|work=[[Enab Baladi]]|date=1 August 2018}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Logo of the Army of Glory.png}} Jamil al-Saleh ([[Jaysh al-Izza]] leader)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-mideast-crisis-russia-rebels-idUKKCN0RU1XH20150930|title=Western-backed Syrian rebel group says hit by Russian air strikes|work=Reuters|date= 30 September 2015}}</ref>
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg|border}} Abu Khaled al-Shamy (Spokesman of the HTS military wing)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/217829/|title=After eight killed and wounded including HTS officials &#124; Turkish forces and factions heavily bombard regime bases in Idlib countryside • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|date=10 June 2021}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.svg|border}} Abu Ubeidah al-Kansafra (Senior commander and member of HTS Shura council)<ref>[https://english.iswnews.com/11874/a-prominent-tahrir-al-sham-commander-killed-in-southern-idlib/ A prominent Tahrir al-Sham commander killed in southern Idlib], Islamic World News</ref>
}}}}
|commander3={{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg|border}} [[Abu Humam al-Shami]]<ref>{{cite news |date=6 March 2015 |title=Senior Nusra Front commander killed in Syria air strike |agency=Al Jazeera |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/03/syria-nusra-front-commander-killed-air-strike-150305230517103.html |access-date=3 June 2015}}</ref>
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon image|Ahrar al-Sham black standard.png}} [[Abu Khalid al-Suri]] (senior [[al-Qaeda]] Comdr., founding member of [[Ahrar al-Sham]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Al Qaeda's chief representative in Syria killed in suicide attack |work=FDD's Long War Journal |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/02/zawahiris_chief_repr.php|date=23 February 2014}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front (Variant).svg}} {{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.svg}} [[Abu Firas al-Suri]] (Spokesperson of al-Nusra Front)<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 April 2016 |title=Nusra Front spokesman killed by air strike in Syria |publisher=Al Jazeera |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/04/nusra-front-spokesman-killed-strike-syria-160404080317702.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2016 |title=Syria's Qaeda spokesman, 20 jihadists dead in strikes: monitor |agency=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]] |via=Yahoo! |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/syrias-qaeda-spokesman-20-jihadists-dead-strikes-monitor-200452734.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front (Variant).svg}} Abu Hajer al-Homsi (al-Nusra Front military chief)<ref>{{cite web |date=9 September 2016 |title=Air strike kills top commander of former Nusra group in Syria |agency=Reuters |url=http://news.trust.org/item/20160908213024-skwoe/}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg}} [[Muhsin al-Fadhli]] (Leader of [[Khorasan group|Khorasan]])<ref>{{cite news |date=2 July 2015 |title=Leader of Qaeda Cell in Syria, Muhsin al-Fadhli, Is Killed in Airstrike, U.S. Says |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/22/world/middleeast/leader-of-qaeda-cell-in-syria-muhsin-al-fadhli-is-killed-in-airstrike-us-says.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria.svg}} [[Abu Omar al-Turkistani]] ([[Uyghurs|Uyghur]] commander of the [[Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria]]).<br />
|{{flagicon image|Guardians Of Religion INFOBOX flag.png}} Abu Al-Bara al-Tunisi (Senior commander of the Al-Qaeda linked [[Guardians of Religion Organization|Hurras al-Din]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.alaraby.co.uk/news/us-drone-strike-targets-al-qaeda-commander-idlib-strike|title=US drone strike targets Al-Qaeda-linked militants in Idlib|date= 20 September 2021|publisher=The New Arab}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Guardians Of Religion INFOBOX flag.png}} [[Khalid al-Aruri]] (Former leader of Hurras al-Din)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/06/u-s-reportedly-targets-2-senior-al-qaeda-figures-in-airstrike-in-syria.php|title=U.S. reportedly targets 2 senior al Qaeda figures in airstrike in Syria|website=FDD's Long War Journal|date=14 June 2020}}</ref>}}}}
----
{{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi]] (Leader of IS)<br/>
* {{flagicon|ISIL}} Abu Umar al-Muhajir (IS Spokesman)
* {{flagicon|ISIL}} Sami Jasim Muhammad al-Jaburi (Chief financer) {{POW}}<ref>{{Cite news|author=Reuters Staff|date=2021-10-11|title=Iraqi forces capture deputy of IS slain leader Baghdadi - PM|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iraqi-forces-capture-deputy-is-slain-leader-baghdadi-pm-2021-10-11/|access-date=2021-10-11}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Jandal al-Masri]] (Chief of Information)
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]] (1st ISIL Leader)<ref name=boom>{{cite news |last1=Laporta |first1=James |last2=O'Connor |first2=Tom |last3=Jamali |first3=Naveed |title=Trump Approves Special Ops Raid Targeting ISIS Leader Baghdadi, Military Says He's Dead |url=https://www.newsweek.com/trump-approves-special-ops-raid-targeting-isis-leader-baghdadi-1467982 |access-date=26 October 2019 |agency=Newsweek |date=26 October 2019}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi]] (2nd ISIL Leader)
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Haji Bakr]] (Former Deputy leader of ISIL & Head of Military Council)<ref>{{cite web
|title=ISIS confirms death of senior leader in Syria |website=FDD's Long War Journal |date=February 2014 |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/02/isis_confirms_death.php |access-date=16 September 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Ayman al-Iraqi]] (Former Head of Military Council)<ref>{{cite web |author=Alessandria Masi |date=11 November 2014 |title=If ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Is Killed, Who Is Caliph Of The Islamic State Group? |work=[[International Business Times]] |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/if-isis-leader-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-killed-who-caliph-islamic-state-group-1721638 |access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Ali al-Anbari]] (Deputy, Syria)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Schmidt |first1=Michael S. |last2=Mazzetti |first2=Mark |date=25 March 2016 |title=A Top ISIS Leader Is Killed in an Airstrike, the Pentagon Says |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/26/world/middleeast/abd-al-rahman-mustafa-al-qaduli-isis-reported-killed-in-syria.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Omar al-Shishani]] (War Minister)<ref>{{cite news |last=Starr |first=Barbara |date=14 March 2016 |title=U.S. assesses ISIS operative Omar al-Shishani is dead |agency=[[CNN]] |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/14/politics/u-s-confirms-death-of-isis-operative-omar-al-shishani/index.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Umar al-Tunisi]] (Senior Leader)<ref>{{cite news |last=Ryan |first=Missy |date=3 July 2015 |title=U.S. drone strike kills a senior Islamic State militant in Syria |work=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/drone-kills-top-islamic-state-militant-in-syria-a-day-after-brother-was-slain/2015/07/02/7e3a0598-20fc-11e5-bf41-c23f5d3face1_story.html |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Sayyaf (ISIL)|Abu Sayyaf]] (Oil Minister)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Starr |first1=Barbara |last2=Conlon |first2=Kevin |date=19 May 2015 |title=U.S. names ISIS commander killed in raid |agency=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/05/19/us/isis-abu-sayyaf-name/ |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Muslim al-Turkmani]] (Former Deputy Leader)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Starr |first1=Barbara |last2=Acosta |first2=Jim |date=22 August 2015 |title=U.S.: ISIS No.2 killed in US drone strike in Iraq |agency=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/08/21/middleeast/isis-no2-believed-killed/index.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Abdulrahman al-Bilawi]] (Head of Military Council)<ref>{{cite news |last=Sherlock |first=Ruth |date=9 July 2014 |title=Inside the leadership of Islamic State: how the new 'caliphate' is run |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/10956280/Inside-the-leadership-of-Islamic-State-how-the-new-caliphate-is-run.html |access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Gulmurod Khalimov]] (Minister of War)<ref>{{cite news |date=6 September 2016 |title=Isis: US-trained Tajik special forces chief Gulmurod Khalimov becomes Isis war minister |work=International Business Times |via=Yahoo News |url=http://uk.news.yahoo.com/isis-us-trained-tajik-special-150308829.html}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}}  Abu Hamza al-Qurashi (IS spokesman until 2022)
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Abu Yasser al-Issawi]] (Deputy Leader)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/29/world/middleeast/us-airstrike-kills-top-isis-leader-in-iraq.html |title=U.S. Airstrike Kills Top ISIS Leader in Iraq |website=The New York Times |date=29 January 2021 }}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi<br />(Leader of the [[Khalid ibn al-Walid Army]], 2016–17)<ref>{{cite news |date=9 June 2017 |title=Top ISIL leaders killed in southern Syria
|agency=The National |url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/top-isil-leaders-killed-in-southern-syria-1.63750}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|ISIL}} [[Jihadi John|Mohammad Emwazi]] ('Jihadi John', senior leader)
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade.svg}} [[Muhammad al-Baridi]] (Founder of [[Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade]])<ref>{{citation |last1=Sands |first1=Phil |last2=Maayeh |first2=Suha web |date=17 November 2015 |title=Death of 'ISIL commander' in southern Syria a blow to the group |work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/death-of-isil-commander-in-southern-syria-a-blow-to-the-group-1.79259}}</ref>
}}}}
|commander4={{Plainlist|
* [[File:De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Riad Darar]]
* [[File:De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|22px|border]] Amina Omar<ref>{{cite news|title=The Syrian Democratic Council concludes its work by issuing the final communiqué|url=https://www.hawarnews.com/ar/haber/d985d8acd984d8b3-d8b3d988d8b1d98ad8a7-d8a7d984d8afd98ad985d982d8b1d8a7d8b7d98ad8a9-d98ad986d987d98a-d8a3d8b9d985d8a7d984-d985d8a4d8aad985d8b1d987-d8a8d8a5d8b5d8afd8a7d8b1-d8a7d984d8a8d98ad8a7d986-d8a7d984d8aed8aad8a7d985d98a-h5024.html|access-date=24 March 2019 |agency=Hawar News Agency}}</ref><br />([[Syrian Democratic Council|MSD Co-chairperson]] July 2018 – present)
* [[File:De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Salih Muslim Muhammad|Salih Muhammad]] ([[Democratic Union Party (Syria)|PYD Co-President]] until 2017)
* [[File:De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|22px|border]] Shahoz Hasan ([[Democratic Union Party (Syria)|PYD Co-President]] 2017–present)
* [[File:De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Asya Abdullah]]<br />([[Democratic Union Party (Syria)|PYD Co-President]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg}} {{flagicon image|People's Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} [[Mazloum Abdi]] ([[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF Comdr.]])
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg}} {{flagicon image|People's Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} Sipan Hemo ([[People's Protection Units|YPG Comdr.]])
----
* {{Flagicon|United States}}{{flagicon|United States Army|border}} [[Stephen J. Townsend]]<ref>{{cite news |date=22 August 2016 |title=New Operation Inherent Resolve commander continues fight against ISIL |agency=Army Worldwide News |url=https://www.army.mil/article/173729/new_operation_inherent_resolve_commander_continues_fight_against_isil}}</ref>
{{Collapsible list
|title='''Killed:'''
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg}} [[Abu Layla]] (Comdr. of Syrian Democratic Forces)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/top-syrian-kurdish-commander-abu-layla-killed-by-isis-sniper-fire-a7066651.html|title=Top Syrian Kurdish commander Abu Layla killed by Isis sniper fire|date=5 June 2016|work=The Independent}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg}} [[Adnan Abu Amjad]] (Comdr. of the Manbij Military Council)<ref name=k24>{{cite web|url=http://www.kurdistan24.net/en/news/3c865b8b-10cc-4708-868e-33d18cb4968b|title=Senior SDF commander lost his life in Raqqa fighting IS|publisher=[[Kurdistan 24]]|author=Hisham Arafat|date=31 August 2017}}</ref>
|{{flagicon image|International Freedom Battalion original banner.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Communist Party of Turkey-Marxist–Leninist.svg}} [[Nubar Ozanyan]]<br />([[International Freedom Battalion|IFB]] and [[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist|TKP/ML]] commander)
}}
}}
|strength1=[[Syrian Armed Forces]]: 142,000 {{nowrap|(2019)}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.globalfirepower.com/country-military-strength-detail.asp?country_id=Syria|title= Syria military strength| publisher=Global Fire Power|date=8 July 2019}}</ref><br />[[General Security Directorate (Syria)|General Security Directorate]]: 8,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2013/Aug-28/228953-syrias-diminished-security-forces.ashx|title=Syria's diminished security forces|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=28 August 2013|access-date=14 May 2014}}</ref><br />National Defense Force: 80,000<ref>[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Analysis/2014/Jun-16/260266-isis-iraq-offensive-could-trigger-hezbollah-to-fill-gap-left-in-syria.ashx ISIS’ Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria] ''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]'', 16 June 2014</ref><br />Liwa Fatemiyoun: 10,000–20,000 {{nowrap|(2018)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://warontherocks.com/2018/02/mission-accomplished-whats-next-irans-afghan-fighters-syria/ |title=Mission Accomplished? What's Next for Iran's Afghan Fighters in Syria |author=Ahmad Shuja Jamal |work=War on the Rocks |date=13 February 2018 |access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref><br />Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas: 10,000+{{nowrap|(2013)}}<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|title=Syrian war widens Sunni-Shia schism as foreign jihadis join fight for shrines|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/04/syria-islamic-sunni-shia-shrines-volunteers|work=The Guardian|date=4 June 2013|access-date=18 September 2013}}</ref><br />Ba'ath Brigades: 7,000<br />Hezbollah: 6,000–8,000<ref name="legion" /><br />Liwa Al-Quds: 4,000–8,000<br />Russia: 4,000 troops<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/russias-syria-force-has-reportedly-grown-to-4000-people-2015-11|title=Russia's Syria force has reportedly grown to 4,000 people|work=Business Insider}}</ref> & 1,000 contractors<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/up-to-nine-russian-contractors-die-in-syria-experts-say-1450467757|title=Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say|first=Thomas|last=Grove|date=18 December 2015|work=Wall Street Journal}}</ref><br />Iran: 3,000–5,000<ref name="legion">{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/iran-foreign-legion-leads-battle-in-syrias-north-1455672481|title=Iran 'Foreign Legion' Leads Battle in Syria's North|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=17 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-civil-war-state-of-the-art-technology-gives-president-assad-s-army-the-edge-a6898741.html|title=State-of-the-art technology is giving Assad's army the edge in Syria|website=[[Independent.co.uk]]|date=26 February 2016}}</ref><br />Other allied groups: 20,000+ 
|strength2=[[Free Syrian Army]]: 20,000–32,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/graphic-the-most-accurate-breakdown-of-the-syrian-rebels-2013-9|title=Here's The Extremist-To-Moderate Spectrum Of The 100,000 Syrian Rebels|work=Business Insider}}</ref> (2013)<br />[[Syrian Islamic Front]]: 40,000–70,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2014/03/04/islamic_front_isis_syria|title=Front to Back|work=Foreign Policy}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cockburn|first=Patrick|title=West suspends aid for Islamist rebels in Syria, underlining their disillusionment with those forces opposed to President Bashar al-Assad|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/west-suspends-aid-for-islamist-rebels-in-syria-underlining-their-disillusionment-with-those-forces-opposed-to-president-bashar-alassad-8998891.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=11 December 2013}}</ref> (2014)<br />Other groups: 12,500<ref name="Guardian70K">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/30/70000-syrian-fighters-david-cameron-islamic-state-airstrikes Who are these 70,000 Syrian fighters David Cameron is relying on?]. Retrieved 18 February 2016.</ref> (2015)<br />[[Turkish Armed Forces]]: 4,000–8,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yenisafak.com/dunya/8-bin-asker-emir-bekliyor-2591721|title=8 bin asker emir bekliyor|first=Yeni|last=Şafak|date=5 January 2017|website=Yeni Şafak}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2017/01/us-assistant-secretary-of-defense-tells-turkey-only-isis-a-target-not-kurds/|title=US Assistant Secretary of Defense tells Turkey only ISIS is a target, not Kurds|date=16 January 2017|website=ARA News}}</ref>
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[[Ahrar al-Sham]]: 18,000–20,000+<ref name="killing ground">{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/article/syrias-idlib-groomed-islamist-killing-ground/|title=Is Syria's Idlib being groomed as Islamist killing ground?|work=Asia Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/03/15/al-qaeda-is-swallowing-the-syrian-opposition/|title=Al Qaeda Is Starting to Swallow the Syrian Opposition|work=Foreign Policy|date=15 March 2017}}</ref> (March 2017)
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[[Tahrir al-Sham]]: 20,000–30,000 (per U.S., late 2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-dunford/top-u-s-general-warns-against-major-assault-on-syrias-idlib-idUKKCN1LK1JY|title=Top U.S. general warns against major assault on Syria's Idlib|first=Phil|last=Stewart|date=4 September 2018|publisher=Reuters}}</ref>
|strength3= Islamic State: ~10,000 (per UN, 2021, in Iraq and Syria)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/2/we-liv-in-constant-fear-iraq-and-syria-face-isil-resurgence|title='Constant fear': Iraq and Syria face ISIL resurgence|work=AlJazeera}}</ref> ~3,000 (per [[Russia]], mid 2019)<ref name="surfacing">{{cite web|url=http://english.aawsat.com/2017/01/article55366551/syria-surfacing-haiat-tahrir-al-sham-threatens-truce|title=Syria: Surfacing of 'Hai'at Tahrir al-Sham' Threatens Truce|first=Nazeer|last=Rida|date=30 January 2017|publisher=Asharq Al-Awsat}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-45547595 |title=IS 'caliphate' defeated but jihadist group remains a threat |work=BBC |date=23 March 2019 |access-date=23 March 2019}}</ref>
|strength4=[[Syrian Democratic Forces|SDF]]: 60,000–75,000 (2017 est.){{sfnp|Rashid|2018|p=7}}
* YPG & YPJ: 20,000–30,000 (2017 est.){{sfnp|Rashid|2018|p=16}}
* Syriac Military Council (MFS): 1,000 (2017 est.){{sfnp|Rashid|2018|p=53}}
* Al-Sanadid Forces: 2,000–4,000 (2017 est.){{sfnp|Rashid|2018|p=53}}
* SDF Military Councils: 10,000+<ref name=spokesman>{{cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2016/06/us-coalition-spokesman-arabs-leading-manbij-campaign-not-kurds/|title=US coalition spokesman: Arabs are leading Manbij campaign, not Kurds |agency=ARA News|date=4 June 2016|access-date=6 June 2016}}</ref><ref name=bastion>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/us-backed-syrian-rebels-advance-bastion-085127312.html|title=US-backed fighters close in on IS Syria bastion|agency=AFP|access-date=6 June 2016|date=6 June 2016}}</ref><ref name=soon>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-deiralzor-idUSKCN1B516W|title=U.S.-backed forces to attack Syria's Deir al-Zor soon: SDF official|work=Reuters|author=Rodi Said|date=25 August 2017}}</ref>
[[United States Armed Forces]]:<br />600<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.military.com/daily-news/2019/11/10/600-troops-now-set-remain-syria-indefinitely-top-general-says.html|title=Up to 600 Troops Now Set to Remain in Syria Indefinitely, Top General Says|first=Richard|last=Sisk|date=10 November 2019|website=Military.com}}</ref>
|casualties1={{flagdeco|Syria|size=23px}} '''Syrian Arab Republic:'''<br />91,267–103,670 soldiers & 67,242 militiamen killed<ref name=SOHR>{{cite web|date=15 March 2022|title= 
Syrian Revolution 11 years on {{!}} SOHR documents by names nearly 161,000 civilian deaths, including 40,500 children and women|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/243125/|publisher=[[Syrian Observatory for Human Rights]]}}</ref><ref name=SOHR1>{{Cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=8103|title=Tantalizing promises of Bashar al- Assad kill more than 11000 fighters of his forces during 5 months.|date=17 December 2014|publisher=SOHR|access-date=15 December 2016}}</ref><br />4,100 soldiers/militiamen & 1,800 supporters captured<ref name=SOHR /><br />[[File:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px|border]] '''Hezbollah:'''<br />1,712–2,000 killed<ref name=SOHR /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.soufangroup.com/intelbrief-on-balance-hezbollah-has-benefited-from-the-syrian-conflict/|title=On Balance, Hezbollah Has Benefited from the Syrian Conflict|work=The Soufan Group|access-date=17 September 2018}}</ref><br />{{flagicon|Russia}} '''Russia:'''<br />137–160 [[Russian Armed Forces casualties in Syria|soldiers killed]] & 266–284 [[Wagner Group#Casualties and awards|PMCs killed]]<ref>151–201 killed (2015–17),[https://www.thedailybeast.com/a-russian-blackwater-putins-secret-soldiers-in-ukraine-and-syria][https://www.inopressa.ru/article/14Dec2017/spiegel/vagner01.html][https://news.vtomske.ru/news/150657-eshche-odin-dobrovolec-iz-tomskoi-oblasti-pogib-v-sirii] 14–64 killed ([[Battle of Khasham]], Feb. 2018),[https://www.pravda.ru/news/world/1371126-troshev/][https://ssu.gov.ua/en/news/1/category/2/view/5693#.NTRLLcQI.dpbs] 18 killed (May 2018 – June 2019),[https://www.yahoo.com/news/26-syria-regime-9-russia-fighters-killed-attack-113110297.html][https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2018/11/06/six-russian-mercenaries-killed-syria-blast-reports-a63403][https://www.uawire.org/russian-officer-killed-in-syria][https://dostup1.ru/society/Dobrovolets-iz-Chelyabinska-pogib-v-Sirii-podorvavshis-na-mine_114812.html][http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=125124][https://meduza.io/en/feature/2019/07/29/three-russian-mercenaries-are-killed-in-syria-and-they-re-not-from-the-pmc-you-ve-heard-of] total of 183–283 reported dead</ref><br />'''Other non-Syrian fighters:'''<br />8,628 killed<ref name=SOHR /> (2,300–3,500+ [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|IRGC]]-led)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.memri.org/reports/irgc-strategist-hassan-abbasi-praises-iranian-parents-who-handed-over-their-oppositionist|title=IRGC Strategist Hassan Abbasi Praises Iranian Parents Who Handed Over Their Oppositionist Children For Execution: Educating People To This Level Is The Pinnacle Of The Islamic Republic's Achievement; Adds: 2,300 Iranians Have Been Killed In Syria War|website=MEMRI}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://eldorar.com/node/114111|title=عميد إيراني يكشف عن إحصائية بأعداد قتلى بلاده في سوريا|first=محرر الدرر|last=الشامية|date=30 August 2017|website=الدرر الشامية|access-date=19 February 2019}}</ref><br />'''Total:'''<br />169,252–181,984 killed
|casualties2= {{flagicon|Syrian opposition}}'''Syrian Interim Government'''<br/>
{{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Syrian_Salvation_Government.svg|size=22px}}'''Syrian Salvation Government:'''<br />111,576–152,173 killed{{efn|Number incl. all anti-government forces, except ISIL and SDF, which are listed in their separate columns.}}<ref name=SOHR /><ref name=SOHR1 />
----
{{flagicon|Turkey}} '''Turkey:'''<br />256–313 [[Turkish Armed Forces casualties in Syria|killed]] ([[Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War#Turkey's military intervention in Syria|2016–20 incursions]])<ref>72 killed in [[Operation Euphrates Shield]], 61–96 killed in [[Operation Olive Branch]], 70–84 killed in [[Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate|Idlib buffer zone]], 18 killed in [[2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria|Operation Peace Spring]], 16–24 killed after Operation Spring Shield, 2 killed after Operation Euphates Shield, total of 239–296 reported killed (for more details see [[Turkish Armed Forces casualties in Syria|here]])</ref>
|casualties3= {{flagicon|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|size=22px}} '''Islamic State:'''<br /> 41,101 killed<ref name=SOHR />
|casualties4= {{flagicon image|De_facto_SA-NES_Flag.svg|size=22px}} '''NES:'''<br />14,114 killed<ref name=SOHR /><br />
{{flagicon image|Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers_Party_(PKK).svg}} '''[[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]]''':<br />3,200+ killed<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.syriahr.com/en/195385/|title=On International Human Rights Day: Millions of Syrians robbed of "rights" and 593 thousand killed in a decade|date=9 December 2020|publisher=SOHR}}</ref>
----
{{flagicon image|Seal of Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve.svg|border=}} '''[[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|CJTF–OIR]]:'''<br />13 killed<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.f-16.net/f-16-news-article4910.html|title=Pilot killed as U.S. F-16 crashes in Jordan}}<br />{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31129416|title=Jordan pilot murder: Islamic State deploys asymmetry of fear|date=4 February 2015|publisher=BBC News}}<br />{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/us-service-member-killed-accident-syria/story?id=47658836|title=US service member killed in Syria identified as 22-year-old from Georgia|date=27 May 2017|publisher=ABC News}}<br />{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/coalition-personnel-killed-ied-syria/story?id=54118440|title=US identifies American service member killed by IED in Syria|date=27 May 2017|publisher=ABC News}}<br />{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20170923-french-soldier-killed-iraq-syria-military-zone|title=French soldier killed in Iraq-Syria military zone, Élysée Palace says|date=27 May 2017|publisher=France24}}<br />{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/01/16/politics/syria-attack-us-patrolled-city/index.html|title=4 Americans among those killed in Syria attack claimed by ISIS|date=27 May 2017|publisher=CNN}}<br />{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=126569l|title=Mystery surrounds the killing of a US soldier in the countryside of Ayn al-Arab (Kobani) amid accusations against Turkey of targeting him|date=2 May 2019|publisher=Syrian Observatory of Human Rights}}<br />{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/us-service-member-killed-accident-syria/story?id=47658836|title=US service member killed in Syria identified as 22-year-old from Georgia|date=27 May 2017|publisher=ABC News}}<br />{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/jan/25/army-identifies-antonio-moore-soldier-killed-syria/|title=Army identifies U.S. soldier killed in Syria|date=27 January 2020|publisher=The Washington Times}}<br />{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/policy/defense/508654-pentagon-identifies-us-soldier-killed-in-syria|title=Pentagon identifies US soldier killed in Syria|work=The Hill|date=23 July 2020}}</ref> ({{flagicon|United States}} 10, {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 1, {{flagicon|France}} 1, {{flagicon|Jordan}} 1)
|units1=[[Belligerents of the Syrian Civil War#Opposing forces|See order]]
|units2=[[Belligerents of the Syrian Civil War#Opposing forces|See order]]
|units3=[[Belligerents of the Syrian Civil War#Opposing forces|See order]]
|units4=[[Belligerents of the Syrian Civil War#Opposing forces|See order]]
|notes=<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
At least '''306,887''' civilians killed (per [[United Nations]])<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/300000-civilians-killed-syrias-conflict-85842954 |title=UN: More than 300,000 civilians killed in Syria's conflict |last=Keaten |first=Jamey |date=28 June 2022 |publisher=ABC News |access-date=11 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref><br /><br />'''100''' [[Casualties of the Syrian Civil War#Foreign soldiers killed|other foreign soldiers]] killed ({{flagicon|Lebanon}} 60, {{flagicon|Turkey}} 17 (pre-'16), {{flagicon|Iraq}} 16, {{flagicon|Jordan}} 7)
----
'''Total killed: 499,657–610,000''' (per [[Syrian Observatory for Human Rights|SOHR]])<ref name=SOHR />
----
Estimated '''6.7 million''' [[Internally displaced person|internally displaced]] & '''6.6 million''' [[Refugees of the Syrian Civil War|refugees]] (March 2021)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unhcr.org/syria-emergency.html|title=Syria emergency|first=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|last=(UNHCR)}}</ref></div>
----
{{Notelist}}
}}
<noinclude>
{{Clear}}

== References ==
{{Notelist}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Documentation}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book
|last=Rashid
|first=Bedir Mulla
|translator=Obaida Hitto
|title= Military and Security Structures of the Autonomous Administration in Syria
|url= http://omranstudies.org/publications/reports/download/68_d403f01ed28320cb2e67b13cffb381c7.html
|orig-year=1st pub. 2017
|date= 2018
|publisher= Omran for Strategic Studies
|location= [[Istanbul]]
}}
</noinclude>